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Peromyscus nesodytes
The giant island deer mouse〔Ainis, Amira F. and Rene L. Vellanoweth (2012). (Expanding the Chronology for the Extinct Giant Island Deer Mouse (''Peromyscus nesodytes'') on San Miguel Island, California, USA. ) ''Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology'' 7:146–152.〕 (''Peromyscus nesodytes'') became extinct approximately 8000 years Before Present and lived during the late Pleistocene on California’s Channel Islands.〔Guthrie, D.A. (1993). New information on the prehistoric fauna of San Miguel Island: in F.G. Hochberg, ed., Third Channel Islands symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, p. 405-416.〕
==Overview==
In 1934, Robert W. Wilson designated ''P. nesodytes'' as a new species after discovering a mouse bone (a right ramus of the mandible).〔Wilson, R.W. (1936). A new Pleistocene deer-mouse from Santa Rosa Island. ''Journal of Mammology'' v.17, p. 408-10.〕 He writes, “The outstanding character of ''P. nesodytes'' is its large size, which is greater than any living species of ''Peromyscus'' native to the United States.”〔 The only larger mice known are the extant mice of the genus ''Megadontomys'', which are found in Mexico and Central America.〔
The mouse “generally considered ancestral to ''P. nesodytes''” is ''Peromyscus anyapahensis''.〔Guthrie, D.A. (1998). Fossil Vertebrates From Pleistocene Terrestrial Deposits on the Northern Channel Islands, Southern California: in Weigand, P.W., ed., Contributions to the geology of the Northern Channel Islands, Southern California: American Association of Petroleum Geoligists, Pacific Section. MP 45.〕 ''P. anyapahensis'' is also extinct, and it is smaller in body size than ''P. nesodytes''.〔White, J.A. (1966). A new Peromyscus from the late Pleistocene of Anacapa Island, California, with notes on variation in Peromyscus Nesodytes: Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science no. 96, p. 1-8.〕
The engrossed size of ''P. nesodytes'' follows Foster's rule of insular gigantism and dwarfism in which some rodents become enlarged because of their inhabitation of islands lacking a multitude of predators.〔Wenner, A.M. and D.L. Johnson (1980). Land vertebrates on the California Channel Islands: Sweepstakes or Bridges? in D.M. Powers, ed. The California Islands, proceedings of a multi-disciplinary symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, p 497-530.〕 Foster’s rule also helps to explain the diminished sizes of the extinct pygmy mammoth and the critically endangered island fox of the Channel Islands.〔
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